Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel are jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for their work on optogenetics.
Source:
Reuters 
October 5
Science and technology
International relations
The United States Air Force withdraws all of its B-1 Lancer strategic bombers from RAF Fairford in Gloucestershire, England. The Pentagon confirms the bombers have returned to bases in the United States.
Source:
BBC News
Politics and elections
In Kosovo, the acting presidency of Albulena Haxhiu became due to her having continuously served in the position for more than six months since assuming office on 4 April, violating the third paragraph of Article 90 in the constitution. The Kuvendi, which is set to meet for amendments to the Kosovo Specialist Chambers, has two days left until the presidential election deadline by the Constitutional Court expires.
Source:
RKS
Voters in the Canadian province of Quebec go to the polls to elect members to the National Assembly.
Source:
The Guardian
Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez calls a snap general election for 29 November after losing in Parliament two votes on housing proposals.
Source:
The Guardian
October 4
Law and crime
Two people are killed and at least 35 are injured in a mass shooting during a homecoming block party in Vienna, Georgia, United States.
Source:
The Guardian
The U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation arrests a 34-year-old Chinese American woman at Los Angeles International Airport in California for allegedly acting as an unregistered Chinese agent and surveilling Taiwanese president Lai Ching-te's son and family in the United States.
Source:
The Daily Telegraph
An American Marine stationed at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma in Ginowan, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, is arrested by Okinawa prefectural police in connection with the alleged robbery and murder of a local woman in Naha. Japanese foreign minister Toshimitsu Motegi summons U.S. ambassador to Japan George Edward Glass regarding the incident.
Source:
NPR
Three students are arrested for the murder of a 16-year-old classmate in Yong Peng, Johor, Malaysia.
Source:
The Straits Times
Politics and elections
Bosnians vote to elect the three members of the presidency and 42 members of the House of Representatives. Concurrent elections are also held in the Federation to elect 98 seats of the regional legislature and in Republika Srpska to elect the entity's president and the 83 seats of the respective legislature.
Source:
AFP
Brazilians head to the polls to elect their president, vice president, 513 members of Chamber of Deputies and 54 members in the Federal Senate. Incumbent president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is running for the fourth non-consecutive term, where his main opponent is Rio de Janeiro senator Flávio Bolsonaro, the son of former president Jair Bolsonaro.
Source:
The Guardian
Armed conflicts and attacks
Ethiopian forces capture Mekelle, the capital of the Tigray Region, after the withdrawal of the Tigray People's Liberation Front.
Source:
Al Jazeera
The World Food Programme reports an airstrike on a United Nations truck in South Kordofan, Sudan, killing the driver.
Sudanese civil war (2023–present)War crimes in the Sudanese civil war (2023–present)Kordofan campaign (2023–present)
Source:
Al Jazeera
Source:
Yemen Online
Source:
AP
Health and environment
A lab worker in Russia's Irkutsk Anti-Plague Institute in Shelekhov, Irkutsk Oblast, Siberia, dies from a pneumonic plague caused by , with nearly 200 workers in quarantine.
Source:
Kyiv Independent
International relations
Nicaragua announces its immediate withdrawal from the Central American Parliament after the Organization of American States approved a resolution on Friday calling for Nicaragua to release political prisoners and restore civil liberties.
Source:
Reuters
October 3
Disasters and accidents
Five workers are killed and ten more are rescued after the collapse of a gold mine in Chah Ab District, Takhar Province, Afghanistan.
Source:
AP
Ten people are injured, including some critically, in a motor vehicle hooning accident in Newcastle, Australia, during a Newcastle Knights procession before the NRL Grand Final. The driver is arrested at the scene.
Source:
Nine News
A Latitude Air Ambulance Gulfstream G100, flying from St. David's Island, Bermuda to Boston, United States, goes missing over the Atlantic Ocean with six people on board. Search operations are ongoing.
Source:
News 18
Politics and elections
Latvians vote to elect 100 seats of the Saeima amid an uptick of airspace incursions and hybrid warfare during the Russo-Ukrainian war. Preliminary results indicate that the centrist United List, led by incumbent prime minister Andris Kulbergs, won the most seats.
Source:
Reuters
Armed conflicts and attacks
Iraq's Oil Tankers Company says that they have transported 2 million barrels of oil from the country through a very large crude carrier in the Strait of Hormuz.
Source:
Reuters
Five people are killed and several more are injured in an Israeli airstrike against a residential building in Gaza City, in violation of the ongoing ceasefire. Three other Palestinians are also killed in more airstrikes.
Source:
Al Jazeera
The Israel Defense Forces says that they have targeted Hamas leader Ali al-Amoudi in a airstrike, and acknowledge that the results of the strike are under review.
Source:
The Times of Israel
Unknown gunmen open fire against a vehicle in Ras al-Maara, Syria, killing three people and wounding seven more.
Source:
Hawar News Agency
Ethiopian federal forces retake control of the Alula Aba Nega Airport in Mekelle, Tigray, from the Tigray People's Liberation Front.
Source:
Los Angeles Times
Kyiv mayor Vitali Klitschko reports that Russian forces have struck the Pivnichnyi Bridge in Kyiv, Ukraine.
Source:
Kyiv Independent
Science and technology
Arts and culture
The remains of Samuel, the former Bulgarian tsar during the First Bulgarian Empire who died in 1014, return to Bulgaria following decades of negotiation with Greece.
Source:
Orthodox Times
October 2
Business and economy
The G7 countries announce a plan to release 100 million barrels of diesel and crude oil to combat rising fuel prices caused by the Iran war.
Source:
The New York Times
Argentina introduces an immigrant investor program allowing foreigners to obtain citizenship through a US$350,000 contribution to the Ministry of Economy or an $800,000 government bond, with lower additional payments required for spouses and children.
Source:
AFP
Law and crime
Riot police clash with protesters in Paris, Montpellier, Nantes and Marseille as justice minister Gérald Darmanin says protests had "gone from high-school student demonstrations to a public order disturbance" and urges an immediate end to violence.
Source:
BBC News
French government ministers, including education minister Édouard Geffray, accuse the far-left of inciting the youth-led unrest across the country. Intelligence agencies briefing the government during a crisis meeting on the riots accuse the left-wing La France Insoumise of actively inciting people to join the protests.
Source:
Ynet News
Politics and elections
Spain's parliament rejects two government housing decrees that would have expanded protections against evictions, limited some real-estate practices, encouraged rentals through tax incentives, and allowed tenants to renew residential leases automatically.
Source:
AP
Swiss president Guy Parmelin announces his resignation from the Federal Council effective December 31. Parliament is expected to elect his successor on 9 December.
Source:
Swissinfo
Disasters and accidents
The United States National Park Service confirms that the Hōlei Sea Arch, located on Hawaii's Big Island, has collapsed into the Pacific Ocean.
Source:
The Guardian
Armed conflicts and attacks
Reuters reports that Saudi Arabia is planning an offensive on the Houthis in the coming weeks to take back the Bab al-Mandab Strait.
Source:
Reuters
Ethiopian government forces push Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) rebels out of Afar Region after recapturing the towns of Abala, Erebti and Megale.
Source:
AFP via France 24
Source:
Al Jazeera
The death toll in the Rapid Support Forces drone attack on the University of Kordofan in El Obeid rises to 10.
Source:
Arab News
Source:
The Kyiv Independent
Eighteen people are killed as Boko Haram gunmen open fire on villagers collecting firewood in Marte, Borno State, Nigeria.
Source:
Reuters