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October 4

Politics and elections

Bosnians vote to elect the three members of the presidency and 42 members of the House of Representatives. Concurrent elections are also held in the Federation to elect 98 seats of the regional legislature and in Republika Srpska to elect the entity's president and the 83 seats of the respective legislature.
Source: AFP external link
Brazilians head to the polls to elect their president, vice president, 513 members of Chamber of Deputies and 54 members in the Federal Senate. Incumbent president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is running for the fourth non-consecutive term, where his main opponent will be Flávio Bolsonaro, Senator for Rio de Janeiro and son of former president Jair Bolsonaro.
Source: The Guardian external link

Armed conflicts and attacks

Ethiopian forces capture Mekelle, the capital of the Tigray Region, after the withdrawal of the Tigray People's Liberation Front.
Source: Al Jazeera external link

October 3

Arts and culture

The remains of Samuel, the former Bulgarian tsar during the First Bulgarian Empire who died in 1014, return to Bulgaria following decades of negotiation with Greece.
Source: AP external link

Politics and elections

Latvians vote to elect 100 seats of the Saeima amid an uptick of airspace incursions and hybrid warfare during the Russo-Ukrainian war. Preliminary results indicate that the centrist United List, led by incumbent prime minister Andris Kulbergs, won the most seats.
Source: Reuters external link

Disasters and accidents

Ten people are injured, including some critically, in a motor vehicle hooning incident in Newcastle, Australia, during a Newcastle Knights procession before the NRL Grand Final. The driver is arrested at the scene. The incident is considered unintentional.
Source: Nine News external link
A Latitude Air Ambulance Gulfstream G100, flying from St. David's Island, Bermuda to Boston, United States, goes missing over the Atlantic Ocean with six people on board. Search operations are ongoing.
Source: News 18 external link

Armed conflicts and attacks

Iraq's Oil Tankers Company says that they have transported 2 million barrels of oil from the country through a very large crude carrier in the Strait of Hormuz.
Source: Arab News external link
Five people are killed and several more are injured in an Israeli airstrike against a residential building in Gaza City, in violation of the ongoing ceasefire. Three other Palestinians are also killed in more airstrikes.
Source: Al Jazeera external link
The Israel Defense Forces says that they have targeted defacto Hamas leader Ali al-Amoudi in a airstrike, and acknowledge that the results of the strike are under review.
Source: The Times of Israel external link
Unknown gunmen open fire against a vehicle in Ras al-Maara, Syria, killing three people and wounding seven more.
Source: Hawar News Agency external link
Source: Los Angeles Times external link
Source: Kyiv Independent external link

October 2

Business and economy

The G7 countries announce a plan to release 100 million barrels of diesel and crude oil to combat rising fuel prices caused by the Iran war.
Source: The New York Times external link
Argentina introduces an immigrant investor program allowing foreigners to obtain citizenship through a US$350,000 contribution to the Ministry of Economy or an $800,000 government bond, with lower additional payments required for spouses and children.
Source: AFP external link

Law and crime

Mass rioting continues for a third day across France with hundreds reportedly injured and over 735 schools shut, while more than 2,000 people are arrested.
Source: BBC News external link
Riot police clash with protesters in Paris, Montpellier, Nantes and Marseille as justice minister Gérald Darmanin says protests had "gone from high-school student demonstrations to a public order disturbance" and urges an immediate end to violence.
Source: BBC News external link
French government ministers, including education minister Édouard Geffray, accuse the far-left of inciting the youth-led unrest across the country. Intelligence agencies briefing the government during a crisis meeting on the riots accuse the left-wing La France Insoumise of actively inciting people to join the protests.
Source: Ynet News external link

Armed conflicts and attacks

Reuters reports that Saudi Arabia is planning an offensive on the Houthis in the coming weeks to take back the Bab al-Mandab Strait.
Source: Reuters external link
Ethiopian government forces push Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) rebels out of Afar Region after recapturing the towns of Abala, Erebti and Megale.
Source: AFP via France 24 external link
Sudan's armed forces announces that they have recaptured the North Kordofan town of al-Mazroub.
Source: Al Jazeera external link
The death toll in the Rapid Support Forces drone attack on the University of Kordofan in El Obeid rises to 10.
Source: Arab News external link
A Russian drone strikes Pivdennyi Bridge in Kyiv, Ukraine, for the fourth time in two days.
Source: The Kyiv Independent external link
Eighteen people are killed as Boko Haram gunmen open fire on villagers collecting firewood in Marte, Borno State, Nigeria.
Source: Reuters external link

Disasters and accidents

Twenty people are killed and five others are injured after a four-vehicle crash in Plateau, Nigeria.
Source: Xinhua external link
The United States National Park Service confirms that the Hōlei Sea Arch, located on Hawaii's Big Island, has collapsed into the Pacific Ocean.
Source: The Guardian external link

Politics and elections

Spain's parliament rejects two government housing decrees that would have expanded protections against evictions, limited some real-estate practices, encouraged rentals through tax incentives, and allowed tenants to renew residential leases automatically.
Source: AP external link
Swiss president Guy Parmelin announces his resignation from the Federal Council effective December 31. Parliament is expected to elect his successor on 9 December.
Source: Swissinfo external link

October 1

Disasters and accidents

A medical helicopter transporting a patient crashes off the coast of Santa Catalina Island in Los Angeles County, California, United States, killing two people, injuring two others, and leaving one missing.
Source: AP external link

Politics and elections

Japan tightens permanent residency requirements for foreign nationals, introducing above-average income and basic Japanese-language standards while raising application fees twentyfold as part of broader changes to immigration policy.
Source: AFP external link
Source: San Marino RTV external link
Ousted Sudanese leader Omar al-Bashir is sent to a military hospital in Khartoum, Sudan, for medical treatment.
Source: Reuters external link

Armed conflicts and attacks

Ahmad al-Hamidawi, leader of Kata'ib Hezbollah, announces that the group will suspend military activities in Iraq following the withdrawal of U.S. troops, with the exception of targeting hostile aircraft violating the country's airspace.
Source: Middle East Eye external link
Israeli settlers shoot and kill a Palestinian man at his home in Yasuf, West Bank, and injure another.
Source: Reuters external link
A Russian Su-35 fighter jet shoots down a Russian Mi-8 helicopter over Voronezh Oblast, Russia, in a friendly fire incident. All three crew members are killed.
Source: Kyiv Independent external link
A drone strike by the Rapid Support Forces on a dormitory at the University of Kordofan in El Obeid, North Kordofan, Sudan, kills five people.
Source: Sudan Tribune external link
Explosions caused by suspected drone strikes are reported in Ethiopia's capital of Addis Ababa, including one near the Ethiopian National Defense Force' headquarters.
Source: BBC News external link
Pakistan launches airstrikes in Afghanistan, claiming the killing of 22 Taliban fighters at two locations, while the Government of Afghanistan reports that nine women and children are killed in Kunar Province and Helmand Province by Pakistan airstrikes.
Source: Al Jazeera external link

Science and technology

Source: AFP via France 24 external link

International relations

Ethiopia closes its embassy in Eritrea and announces the expulsion of ten Eritrean diplomats from the country, after accusing its neighbour of financing the Tigray People's Liberation Front.
Source: AP external link
Eritrea's foreign ministry announces that the country will cut off diplomatic ties with Ethiopia in response.
Source: Reuters external link
A diplomat from Egypt is told to leave Ethiopia within 48 hours after being declared as .
Source: Reuters external link
The European Commission stops payments with immediate effect to Sierra Leone, which would have been €18 million for 2026, after the nation refused to cooperate with the extradition of drugs trafficker Jos Leijdekkers.
Source: Het Parool external link

Law and crime

Egyptian police are arresting six journalists from a fact-checking and investigative media outlet, accusing them of spreading misinformation on behalf of the banned Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt.
Source: Reuters external link
British counter-terrorism police arrest a 25-year-old British-Iranian dual national in Westminster, London, England, on suspicion of preparing terrorist acts linked to the RAF Fairford investigation. Officers also search two properties in the area.
Source: CNN external link
Hundreds of prisoners begin leaving prison in England and Wales under an early release scheme by the British government to avoid overcapacity in prisons. More than 4,500 "low-risk" prisoners are expected to be released in the coming weeks.
Source: Firstpost external link
Former Malawian military chief Paul Valentino Phiri is arrested by Malawi's anti-corruption agency for allegedly trafficking weapons to Sudan during his tenure in June and July 2025.
Source: Al-Monitor external link
Two 18-year-old former students attack a secondary school in Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico, with knives and pyrotechnic devices, killing the vice-principal and injuring three people. Police arrest both suspects.
Source: AFP via RNZ external link